Related articles, chapters and books authored by members of the GBV-MIG Consortium
The Performative Effects of the European War on Migrants. Masculinities and Femininities at the Moroccan-Spanish Border
Tyszler, E. (2019). The performative effects of the European war on migrants.
Masculinities and feminities at the Moroccan-Spanish border. Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research, 20 (1) : 40-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.13060/25706578.2019.20.1.462 Special Issue on Transnational migration : Borders, gender and global justice challenges, edited by Zuzana Uhde & Petra Ezzeddine
This article ethnographically explores how Central and West African masculinities and femininities are shaped and reshaped at the Moroccan-Spanish border in the context of the increased securitisation and politicisation of migrations from the global South to the global North. Apart from the migration regime at the outer border of the European Union, it also examines the role of the humanitarian regime in policing black migrants’ gender identities. It aims to address an important aspect of the mobility experiences and bordering effects that tends to go under-researched. Drawing on long-term fieldwork, which was carried out between 2015 and 2017, it presents detailed ethnographic examples of the construction of masculinities and femininities at the border and asks how these work to help or prevent mobility. Analysis of the intersections of the gender regime and the racialised migratory regime reveals the coloniality of security migration policies. Keywords: borders, femininities, masculinities, migration policies, violence
Transnational, Feminist and Intersectional Perspectives on Immigrants and Refugees in Canada
Evangelia Tastsoglou, Guest Editor, Transnational, Feminist and Intersectional Perspectives on Immigrants and Refugees in Canada, CANADIAN ETHNIC STUDIES JOURNAL, Volume 51, Number 3, 2019
Table of Contents: 1. Transnational, Feminist and Intersectional Perspectives on Immigrants and Refugees in Canada: An Introduction by Evangelia Tastsoglou 2. Contesting Gender Discrimination in the Canadian Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program by Christina Gabriel and Laura Macdonald 3. (Re)Producing Gender: Refugee Advocacy and Sexual and Gender-Based Violence in Refugee Narratives by Evangelia Tastsoglou and Shiva Nourpanah 4. Locating Intersectionality in Transnational Aid Activism: An Autoethnography of a Disaster Response by Glenda Tibe Bonifacio 5. Mobilizing Mothering: Chinese Migrant Mothers and Transnational Cultural Capital by Yidan Zhu 6. Intergenerational Relations and Gendered Social Surveillance of Second-Generation South Asians by Kara Somerville 7. Social Reproduction and Transnational Migration: Navigating Institutional Processes in Childcare by Middle-Class Mainland Chinese Immigrant Families in Canada by Guida Man 8. Journeys to a Diasporic Self by Jane Ku 9. Learning More About Ann Barden Denis: A Dedication by Linda Christiansen-Ruffman
« Boza ! » disent aussi les femmes
La répression de la migration, la militarisation des frontières aggravent les violences de genre et les rapports de domination entre les sexes. Peut-on se fier aux discours politiques qui prétendent libérer les femmes bloquées aux frontières ? Une étude de terrain menée au Maroc entre 2015 et 2017 permet de décrire des figures de résistance, qui bouleversent l’imaginaire de la frontière.
Tyszler, E. (2018). « Boza ! » disent aussi les femmes. Vacarme, 83(2), 82‑91. https://doi.org/10.3917/vaca.083.0082
Temporalities of emergency: Migrant pregnancy and healthcare networks in Southern European borderlands
Grotti Vanessa, Malakasis Cynthia, Quagliariello Chiara, Sahraoui Nina. Temporalities of emergency: Migrant pregnancy and healthcare networks in Southern European borderlands, Social Science & Medicine, Volume 222, 2019, pp. 11-19.
In Greece, Italy, and Spain, austerity policies combined with the structural density of migration flows have had concrete social and material manifestations in the delivery of public health care. Through our ethnographic case studies in Lampedusa and southeastern Sicily, Melilla, and Athens, we examine the maternity care offered to migrant patients in the midst and the aftermath of the so-called “migration crisis” in state and non-state structures. Research was conducted in Athens and southeastern Sicily from August 2016 to August 2017; in Melilla from August 2016 to October 2016 and in January 2017; and in Lampedusa from August 2016 to January 2017. Data collected consist in semi-structured interviews and long-term ethnographic observations. The article explores whether and how the understanding or the labeling of the maternity care of migrants as an emergency within a context of professed crisis generates new norms of care within health-care delivery. Our findings suggest a) the adoption of solutions or practices that in the past might have been considered urgent, ad hoc, or creative; b) their normalization, deeply connected to the wider social landscape of these European peripheries and c) the institutionalization of humanitarianism in the context of these practices. Our research points out temporalities of emergency against the background of a professed migration crisis. In the context of austerity-driven underfunding, temporary solutions become entrenched, producing a lasting emergency. Yet, we argue that “emergency” can, at some point, generate practices of resistance that undermine, subtly yet significantly, its own normalization.
The uses and abuses of “vulnerability” in EU asylum and refugee protection: protecting women or reducing autonomy?
Freedman, Jane. (2018). «The uses and abuses of “vulnerability” in EU asylum and refugee protection: protecting women or reducing autonomy?»; Papeles del CEIC, vol. 2019/1, papel 204, 1-15. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/pceic.19525).
The concept of vulnerability has become central in European asylum and refugee law and policy in recent years. The adoption of special measures designed to offer greater protection to vulnerable asylum seekers might be seen as a positive step. However, the way in which vulnerability has been defined is open to question. Too often vulnerability is reduced to a simplistic and essentialised categorisation, which is also highly gendered and racialized. Women are thus categorized as «vulnerable» a priori, without real consideration of the structural and contextual causes of this vulnerability. Whilst being classed as «vulnerable» can increase chances of protection within EU asylum and refugee systems, the impacts on those who are classified as vulnerable can be felt as forms of symbolic violence which reduce agency and autonomy. Based on interviews with asylum seekers and refugees, as well as an analysis of recent EU asylum directives, this article calls for a re-thinking of the uses of vulnerability in EU asylum policies in order to afford better protection, whilst at the same time recognising the agency and autonomy of asylum seekers and refugees.
From controlling mobilities to control over women’s bodies: gendered effects of EU border externalization in Morocco
Tyszler, E. From controlling mobilities to control over women’s bodies: gendered effects of EU border externalization in Morocco. CMS 7, 25 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-019-0128-4
Taking the perspective of the Central and West African women blocked at the Moroccan-Spanish border, reveals how EU policies, in exporting their anti-migrant war to African countries, seem to have reinforced a continuum of male dominance: by creating, along the migratory route, a succession of spaces where African women must resist and/or succumb to multiple relations of power and domination in order to be able to cross the securitized borders, controlled by a plurality of actors but often all men. Breaking with binary and essentialist views that often present them as merely passive subjects of their migration, the women interviewed disclose hidden mechanisms and effects of the externalization of EU migration control policies on the bodies and lives of those who fight for their freedom of movement. Based on 30-months of ethnographic research in Morocco and the Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla, this article aims to show how EU border externalization provokes racialized and gendered vulnerabilization of people seeking mobility and notably reinforces gender-based violence against migrant women. There are several levels of violence against women seeking mobility at borders, we will focus on two: violence emanating from certain men who are part of the organization of the crossing, and violence exerted by the States policing the border. Both of these cases illustrate the interaction between mobility control policies and control over women’s bodies as an effect of border externalization.